Host Plants for Common Oklahoma Butterflies

Oklahoma State and milkweed with cat

Here’s a flutter-worthy list of common Oklahoma butterflies and the specific plants their caterpillars depend on for survival! Compiled by butterfly enthusiast Sandra Schwinn of Mounds, OK, this guide is your go-to resource for planting to support the next generation of native butterflies.

Including these host plants in your garden helps create vital habitat for some of Oklahoma’s most beautiful winged visitors.

BUTTERFLIES HOST PLANTS
Monarchs and Queens Asclepias (Milkweed), Cynanchum laeve (honeyvine)
Eastern Black Swallowtail Dill, Fennel, Parsley, Rue, Zizia species
Eastern Tiger Swallowtail Tulip tree, Prunus species, Apple, Lilacs, Magnolias
Giant Swallowtail Zanthoxylum species (Prickly ash, Wafer ash, Rue) and Rutaceae species
Pipevine Swallowtail Aristolochia species (Pipevines)
Spicebush Swallowtail Spicebush and Sassafras
Checkered White Cleome, Clammyweed, Hollyhocks
Cabbage White (larvae can be a pest) Brassica crops, Nasturtiums, Cleome
Orange and Clouded Sulphurs Alfalfa, Clovers, Vetch
Southern Dogface* Leadplant, Clovers, Black Dalea, Purple Prairie Clover
Cloudless Sulphur Senna species, Partridge Pea
Orange-Barred Sulphur* Bird of Paradise, Senna species
Little Yellow Sennas (hebecarpa and marlandica), Partridge Pea
Sleepy Orange Sennas (hebecarpa and marlandica), Partridge Pea
Dainty Sulphur Carpet weed – Mollugo verticillata
Gray Hairstreak Clovers, Mallows, Vetch, and Hibiscus flowers
Red-Banded Hairstreak Oak trees
Eastern Tailed-Blue Clovers, Vetches
Spring/Summer Azures New Jersey Tea, Dogwoods, and Meadowsweet
American Snout, Hackberry Emperor, and Tawny Emperor Hackberry Trees
Gulf Fritillary Passionvines
Variegated Fritillary Passionvines, Violaceae family
Bordered Patch Golden Crownbeard, Frostweed
Gorgone Checkerspot,  Silvery Checkerspot Sunflowers, Coneflowers
Pearl Crescent  Asters
Phaon Crescent Frogfruit
Question Mark, Comma Elm, Hops, False Nettle
Mourning Cloak Elm, Willow, Cottonwood, Hackberry
American Lady Pussy Toes, Cudweed, Pearly Everlastings, Rabbit tobacco
Painted Lady Basketflower, Thistles, Sunflowers, others
Red Admiral False Nettles, Hops
Common Buckeye Dwarf Snapdragons, Plantains, others
Red-Spotted Purple Black Cherry, Black Willow, Willow Oak
Viceroy Black Willow, Black Cherry, Cottonwood
Goatweed Leafwing Croton species including Wooly Croton and Prairie Tea
Silver-Spotted Skipper Black Locust, Wisteria, Amorpha species
Want more? Check out this additional resource.

Meet the "Butterfly Lady"
by Laura Reynolds
Sandy Schwinn, lovingly known as the “Butterfly Lady”, began her journey about 45 years ago. A chance encounter with a black and yellow caterpillar, feeding on a vine in her yard, piqued her curiosity. She and her two children raised the caterpillar on the vine in a canning jar and were amazed when it eventually morphed into a beautiful Monarch. Often, the simplicity of a situation like this is how legacies are born, and Sandy is no exception. This experience led to an insatiable desire to learn about all different kinds of butterflies and to share that knowledge with all.

Sandy worked as an elementary school teacher before becoming a reading specialist. She introduced countless children and fellow teachers to the miracle of metamorphosis. Since retiring in 2005, she has continued to educate and share her knowledge with other butterfly enthusiasts. Countless people across Oklahoma and even across the states have benefited from the knowledge that Sandy continues to share about butterflies, their host plants, and the native ecosystems that support all pollinators. She has served as the Monarch Watch Conservation Specialist for Oklahoma until 2023 and has been active on the Oklahoma Monarch and Pollinator Collaborative/Oklahoma Monarch Society.